![]() The European CEN is also an important major regulator of PPE, and which works closely with the UIAA Safety Commission through its CEN Working Group for Mountaineering Equipment. The UIAA was an important early body in setting standards (and pre-1995 it was the only body setting standards) for equipment, and the UIAA Safety Commission continues to play a central worldwide role in this area. Rock-climbing equipment is broadly classed as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). In addition to the standard equipment for such routes, aid climbing uses specialist equipment such as aiders and daisy chains, as well as hammers for pitons and coppeheads. Aid climbing (and its clean aid climbing variant) is usually done in a traditional format and also more likely on multi-pitch (and big wall) routes.The simpler variant of top rope solo climbing, only requires the SLDs. ![]() ![]() Rope solo climbing is done in many formats (sport, traditional, multi-pitch), and needs an extensive range of rope devices as every pitch needs to be solo climbed (SLDs), descended back down (descenders), and then re-ascended (ascenders).The big wall climbing variant requires heavy-duty rope devices for carrying more gear such as portaledges and provisions (which are carried in haul bags). Multi-pitch climbing, which can be done in sport or traditional formats, requires added rope devices like ascenders and descenders for moving up and down fixed-ropes.The weight of the extra climbing protection may require a stronger harness and/or a gear sling. Traditional climbing requires most of the equipment of the above disciplines but with the addition of extensive climbing protection equipment (nuts, hexes, and SCLDs), which the climber will insert while lead-climbing the route.No additional climbing protection is needed. Sport climbing (and its competition lead climbing variant) adds quickdraws that are clipped into the pre-drilled in-situ bolts while the climber is lead climbing the route.Top rope climbing (and its competition speed climbing variant) adds a rope, harness, and belay device, but no general climbing protection outside of that which is used to create the anchor point at the top of the climb from which the top rope is hung (which is usually done with carabiners, slings, and/or cord).Bouldering (and its competition bouldering variant) uses the basic equipment of free soloing but with the optional addition of bouldering mats (also called crash mats/crash pads).Equipment is limited to climbing shoes and chalk (with chalk bag). Free solo climbing (and its deep-water soloing variant) require the least equipment as no climbing protection (and related rope equipment) is used.Starting from the least equipment-intensive type of climbing, the general equipment needs are as follows: The rock-climbing equipment needed varies materially depending on the type of rock climbing being undertaken. the UIAA standards) for strength, durability, and reliability, and must be certified and tested against such standards (with individual pieces carrying such certification marks). The equipment must meet specific standards (e.g. Modern equipment uses advanced materials that are increasingly more durable, stronger, and lighter (e.g. Modern equipment includes dynamic ropes, plyometric training tools, advanced spring-loaded camming devices (SLCDs) for protection, and advanced rope control devices such as self-locking devices (SLDs), progress capture devices (PCDs), and assisted braking devices (ABDs). Examples of replacements include the harness (replaced tieing the rope around the waist), the carabiner (replaced many knots), the descender/abseil device (replaced the dülfersitz), the ascender (replaced the prusik knot), the belay device (replaced the body belay), and the nuts/ hexes (replaced chockstones). ![]() Modern devices enable climbers to perform tasks that were previously done manually and with greater control (in all conditions) and less effort. aiders).Īdvances in equipment are a key part of the rock climbing history, starting with the climbing rope. And finally aid climbing uses unique equipment (e.g. Multi-pitch climbing (and big wall climbing) adds devices to assist in ascending and descending fixed ropes. Traditional climbing adds the need for carrying a "rack" of temporary passive and active protection devices. Sport climbing adds ropes, harnesses, belay devices, and quickdraws to clip into pre-drilled bolts. Bouldering needs the least equipment outside of shoes and chalk and optional crash pads. Rock-climbing equipment varies with the type of climbing undertaken.
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